4^th International Conference and Exhibition on Probiotics, Functional and Baby Foods November 03-05, 2015 Valencia, Spain

Biography:

M Mueller has completed her PhD in Biotechnology from University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna. She completed her Postdoctoral studies at Bio-processing Technology Institute in Singapore from 2009 to 2012. Since 2012, she is working as a University Assistant at PTB at the University of Vienna. She has published more than 25 papers in reputed journals and made oral presentations at several international conferences. Her current research focuses on prebiotics including fructans, bioactivity of traditionally used plants and stability of phytochemicals.

Abstract:

Due to their beneficial effect on health fructans as prebiotics become more and more important in the Functional Food industry. Fructose polymers are accumulated by a great variety of plants including chicory, Jerusalem artichoke or agaves. The influence of structure and polymerization degree of fructans on the prebiotic potential is not fully elucidated yet. Thus, we compared the prebiotic effect of fructans from different plant sources including chicory, Jerusalem artichoke and agave with different polymerization degree and diverse structures such as inulin-type (only ß2-1 linkages) and mixed-type (combined ß2-1 and ß2-6 linkages with branching). The influence of the fructan samples on the growth curve of seven probiotic strains was determined based on a turbidity measurement and confirmed by conventional culturing. All fructans showed a significant prebiotic effect with differences depending on the probiotic strain, the fructan type and the polymerization degree. Fructan samples with lower polymerization degree induced the growth of the probiotics faster than those with higher polymerization degree. Interestingly, fructan samples with branching had a higher and faster effect. The degradation process of the oligosaccharides by probiotics was a continuous cleavage of the oligosaccharides to disaccharides and monosaccharide. The growth is dependent on the degradation process. This study contributes to elucidate the influence of molecular structure and polymerization degree of the fructans on the prebiotic effect and the dependency of the prebiotic effect and degradation of prebiotics on different prebiotic strains; both are of high importance for the Functional Food industry and pharmaceutical applications.

Biography:

Svetoslav Dimirov Todorov has completed his PhD at ENITIAA, France and Sofia University, Bulgaria and Post-doctoral studies from Stellenbosch University, South Africa. In last 8 years, he was a Researcher and Invited Lecturer at University of Sao Paulo, Brazil and Federal University of Vicosa, Brazil. He has published more than 130 papers in reputed journals and serving as a Member of the Editorial Board. He is Reviewer for more than 70 international journals.

Abstract:

In last decades lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been subject of intensive research in isolation and identification with aim of their application as producer of antimicrobial peptides and beneficial properties. It is well known that many LAB’ are capable of producing a variety of antimicrobial compounds which may contribute to their colonization of habitats and their competitive advantage over other bacteria. Besides production of lactic acid which causes a drop in pH enough to inhibit certain strains as its non-dissociated form triggers a lowering of the internal pH in sensitive bacteria that causes a collapse in the electrochemical proton gradient resulting in a bacterio-static or bactericidal effect, LAB can produce other organic acids, diacetyl, hydrogen peroxide and bacteriocins. Currently, the LAB group includes a large number of cocci and bacilli, such as species of the genera Carnobacterium, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Leuconostoc, Oenococcus, Pediococcus, Streptococcus, Tetragenococcus, Vagococcus, Weissella, etc. From a historical point of view, LAB has been used since ancient times in food fermentation processes and preservation. Due to their lack of pathogenicity, most LAB species have received the GRAS. Besides all beneficial properties studied for various LAB, a special attention need to be pay on the possible presence of virulence factors, production of biogenic amines and antibiotic resistance. This virulence determinants have been well detected and studied in Enterococci and Streptococci, however, in last few years report on presence of virulence factors in otherwise GRAS Lactobacilli have been showing the potential upcoming problems. Horizontal gene transfer of virulence factors between pathogenic and LAB including probiotics is a highly possible scenario in case of uncontrolled application of probiotics.

Biography:

Cristina Stewart Bogsan is an Assistant Professor of Food Technology, Department of Biochemistry Pharmaceutical Technology of the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo. She is a Graduate in Pharmacy and Biochemistry from Universidade Paulista in 1999 and obtained her Master’s degree in Immunology and Microbiology, Federal University of São Paulo in 2002 and she was awarded Doctorate from the University of São Paulo in 2012. She has experience in Food Science and Technology, Microbiology and Immunology, focusing on Immunology and Food Science and Technology with emphasis on Science and Technology, dairy functional food, acting on the following topics: Fermented milk probiotic, interaction matrix-probiotic-mucosa, B-1 cells and mucosal immune modulation.

Abstract:

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders that has in common hyperglycemia. Kefir (K), classified as probiotic fermented milk showed beneficial effects as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, anticancer and antifungal. Animal studies showed evidence that Kefir has beneficial effects on intestinal micro-biota and immune system modulation as well as contribute to the reduction of oxidative stress and blood glucose control in diabetics, but there are few published studies in animals and humans to support this claim. Furthermore, probiotics have demonstrated the ability to adhere to mucosal surfaces and inhibit the attachment of other pathogenic bacteria contributing to the barrier integrity by modulating the immune cells. DM, when compared to CTL, showed an increase in water intake, food intake, diuresis and glycemia while DMK group all these metabolic parameters were decreased. DMK group was also presenting increase of body mass and insulin levels compared to DM. The lipid profile of the diabetic groups showed the tendency to increase compared to the respective controls. Concluding that the hypoglycemic effect promoted by kefir intake could be used as a tool to glycemic control, reducing or delaying the complications associated with this disease.

Biography:

Abstract:

Background: Among the various health-promoting functions of probiotics, much attention has been paid to their immunological function, specifically the prevention of infections, which seems to be related with their capability to modulate de intestinal microbiota.
Objective: Since effects of probiotics are strain-dependent, the main objective of this study was to assess the effect of Lactobacillus coryniformis CECT5711 (Lc) on both immune response and intestinal function of healthy adults during 6 weeks of treatment in a Hepatitis A vaccine model.
Methods: One hundred twenty three volunteers were randomized into 1) Placebo group (n=40), which received a daily capsule containing maltodextrin, 2) Probiotic group (n=41), which received a daily capsule of Lc (109 cfu/day) and 3) Mixed group (n=42), which received Lc for 2wk (prior to vaccination) and then placebo. Blood and stool samples were taken in 3 visits (V): at the beginning (V1), after two weeks of treatment just before the vaccination (V2) and at the end of the study (V3). At each V, lymphocyte subset counts, phagocytic capacity, natural killer activity, serum cytokine levels and microbiota composition by qPCR were analysed, whereas specific HAV antibodies were measured just before and after the vaccine by ELISA tests (at the beginning and at the end of the study). Intestinal habits (bowel movements and stool consistency with the Bristol scale: types 1-2 hard, types 3, 4 and 5 normal, types 6-7 soft watery) were evaluated by a dairy record, and the intestinal symptoms appearance (nausea, borborigms, bloating, intestinal pain and flatulence) weekly in a single specific day. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc tests and lineal mixed models were performed for normally-distributed variables and Kruskal-Wallis with Mann-Whitney U test, Friedman’s 2-way ANOVA and Kendall’s coefficient of concordance for non-parametric variables. Chi square test was used to evaluate the frequency of intestinal symptoms between groups of treatments and visits. Results: specific HAV antibodies were significantly higher in the Mixed group compared to the Control group (P=0.017). Memory T-helper lymphocytes increased in V3 vs. V1 (P=0.032) in the Probiotic group. No differences were found in innate immunity parameters and cytokine concentrations, as well as in the intestinal microbiota composition, bowel movements and stool consistency. However, a trend to a lower appearance of total symptoms were observed in the last 4 weeks of intervention in the Probiotic and Mixed groups compared to the Placebo group (82,9% y 80,9 % vs 97,5%) (P=0,054).
Conclusion: These results suggest that Lactobacillus coryniformis CECT5711 could improve vaccine efficiency by enhancing increasing antibody response and perhaps immunological memory. There were no remarkable effects on the intestinal function probably because they are healthy adults with a very low appearance of intestinal disorder symptoms. Even so, the intervention with this strain led to a lower tendency of symptoms appearance compared to the Placebo group.

Biography:

Ratha Mahendran has obtained her PhD from the University of Texas at Dallas in 1990. She is presently working as Senior Research Fellow at the Department of Surgery, National University of Singapore. Her primary interest is in developing new therapies for bladder cancer; understanding the reasons for therapeutic failure to BCG immunotherapy and the use of Lactobacillus for cancer therapy. She has published more than 40 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

Bladder cancer is characterized by frequent recurrences which may progress to muscle invasive disease. Current immunotherapy with Mycobacterium bovis, Bacillus Calmette-Géurin (BCG) has serious side-effects and some subjects do not respond. This failure to respond has been attributed to an inability to mount an effective immune response. In a murine model of bladder cancer intra-vesical Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain GG (LGG) instillations were as effective as BCG. Dose and time dependant effects of LGG on immune activation were analyzed using murine bone marrow derived DC or neutrophils stimulated with LGG at ratios of 5:1, 10:1 and 100:1 (LGG: Cells). DC maturation and cytokine production was examined after 2 hours and 18 hours co-culture and their ability to activate T cells were also determined. A 2 hours exposure to a 100:1 or an18 hours to a 5:1 or 10:1 ratio of LGG: Cells induced the highest production of IL-12 and up regulation of CD40, CD80, CD86 and MHC II on DC. T cell production of IFN-g and IL-2 was significantly greater when stimulated with DC activated with 10:1 LGG to cells, either directly or indirectly via neutrophils. DC or DC activated by neutrophils exposed to a low dose of LGG generally induce greater Th1 polarization in T cells compared to a high LGG dose and could potentially exert stronger anti-tumor effects.

Biography:

Praveen Rishi has completed her PhD from Post-graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), India. Presently, she is the Chairperson of the Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, India. She has more than 100 publications in journals of repute and a patent to her credit. She is a Fellow of Association of Microbiologists of India (FAMI) and Fellow of Indian Association of Biomedical Scientists (FABMS). She is also a recipient of Dr. Y.S. Narayana Rao Oration Award, conferred by Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR). She is serving as an Editorial Board Member of various journals of repute.

Abstract:

Alcohol abuse can cause substantial liver insufficiencies leading to significant mortality worldwide, regardless of the available therapeutic options. Recently, we have evaluated the use of alternative agents like Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and L. plantarum to control ALD. The prebiotic property of EGCG for enhancing the growth of L. plantarum was evaluated. Based on this property a coupled formulation consisting of both EGCG and L. plantarum was developed by encapsulating these agents in Ca-alginate beads to achieve enhanced biological effects. The formulation was extensively characterized and evaluated for its enhanced in vivo efficiency. Effect of EGCG to enhance the growth of L. plantarum was significantly better than inulin. Combination beads lowered serum transaminases and blood alcohol levels. Alcohol fed rats elicited raised plasma endotoxin levels, attributable to the disrupted intestinal permeability, confirmed by lactulose-mannitol test using HPTLC. Transcription studies for TLR-4 receptor mediated signaling molecules (MyD88, CD14, MD2) revealed modulation in the expression of these molecules resulting in the down-regulation of NF-κB in rats treated with combination beads. Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines i.e., TNF-α, and IL-12β/40 subunit, COX-2 in addition to the levels of antioxidants, oxidants and micronuclei formation also assumed normal levels. Histo-architecture depicted normal liver and intestine in rats treated with co-encapsulated beads whereas severely distorted histology was observed for respective tissues in alcoholic rats. Thus, the formulation of L. plantarum with EGCG in a synbox can be a promising therapeutic option ensuring enhanced bio-performance against ALD. To the best of our knowledge, these findings are being reported for the first time.

Biography:

Richard R E Uwiera has completed his DVM and PhD at the University of Saskatchewan, Canada. He has practiced as a mixed animal Veterinary Practitioner prior to becoming the University of Alberta Veterinary Pathologist and Associate Professor within the Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences at University of Alberta, Canada. He has published more than 40 manuscripts and 2 book chapters and serves as an Editorial Board Member for an international agricultural journal.

Abstract:

Antimicrobial growth promoters are characterized by the addition of low-level, sub-therapeutic concentrations of antimicrobials in animal feed to increase the growth and performance of livestock animals; a strategy that has been successfully used for decades. Unfortunately, the use of these products has led to an increase in numbers of antimicrobial resistant pathogens within the environment and a subsequent ban on the administration of antimicrobials to enhance livestock growth in Europe and also recently in North America. Although it is generally believed that sub-therapeutic concentrations of antimicrobials enhance growth by affecting the intestinal microbiota (microbiota modulation hypotheses), research has shown the antimicrobials have anti-inflammatory properties and at low concentration, these antimicrobials may improve intestinal physiological-inflammatory processes (physiologic inflammation hypotheses) and subsequent performance. The effects of sub-therapeutic levels of two commonly used anti-microbial growth promoter (chlortetracycline and tylosin) on inflammatory responses, immune function and physiological responses were investigated in two animal model studies. Mouse model: C57BL/6J mice treated with chlortetracycline demonstrated that chlortetracycline enhanced growth, induced changes in T cell helper responses and attenuated intestinal inflammation. Swine model: Landrace-Duroc commercial pigs were treated with either chlortetracycline or tylosin and preliminary results demonstrated these antimicrobial growth promoters improved the intestinal epithelial barrier, altered mucous and antimicrobial peptide production and improved meat quality. Collectively, these results demonstrate that sub-therapeutic administration of antimicrobials effect intestinal inflammatory responses and intestinal immune and physiological function.

Biography:

Mapitsi S Thantsha has completed her PhD from University of Pretoria, South Africa. She is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of Pretoria. She is an alumnus of the Fulbright Scholarship Program, having spent time as a Visiting Scholar in the Department of Food Science, Purdue University, USA. She has published 14 papers in reputed journals, 2 book chapters and has presented at national and international conferences. She has been involved in human capacity development in terms of both undergraduate and postgraduate students’ training.

Abstract:

Recombinant Lactobacillus casei expressing LAP reduces L. monocytogenes adhesion to, invasion into and translocation across Caco-2 cells. However, it is not known how this strain will affect pathogenicity of L. monocytogenes and other enteric pathogens in simulated intestinal fluids (SIF) under anaerobic conditions. This study investigated the effect of LAP-expressing L. casei on L. monocytogenes and S. Typhimurium in SIF under anaerobic conditions. Mammalian cells were grown to confluence, pre-treated with probiotics before exposure to pathogens suspended in SIF followed by incubation under anaerobic conditions. Adhesion and invasion of pathogens were analyzed in vitro using Caco-2 and HCT-8 cell models and their translocation was determined using trans-well model pre-seeded with Caco-2 cells. Recombinant Lb. casei inhibited adhesion of L. monocytogenes to invasion into and translocation across intestinal cells under the test conditions and reduced its cytotoxicity onto the epithelial cells. Tight junction integrity analysis using dextran fluorescein isothiocyane (DextranFITC) indicated that lower percentage of DextranFITC was recovered from basolateral chamber for Caco-2 cells pre-treated with recombinant L. casei prior to L. monocytogenes exposure. Furthermore, trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) analysis revealed lower TEER reduction for cells pre-treated with recombinant probiotic. Recombinant Lb. casei protected the Caco-2 cells from damaging effects of L. monocytogenes. However, all the infection steps and intestinal cells’ structural parameters were not affected for S. Typhimurium in the presence of recombinant Lb. casei. Thus, recombinant Lb. casei shows potential specificity against L. monocytogenes without enhanced cross protection against other enteric pathogens, specifically S. Typhimuriumvar Copenhagen.

Biography:

Mohammad Hossein Yazdi graduated in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology as a PhD from Tehran University of Medical Sciences at 2013 and now is an academic member of Pasteur Institute of Iran and Biotechnology Research Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. He pursues his interest in vaccine and immunotherapy both in cancer and infectious disease. He also has near the 10 years of experience in the field of Probiotics and their effect on immune responses in cancer and infectious disease. At present, he is trying to translate the results of laboratory works in this field to the area of human health.

Abstract:

Background & Aims: The immunomodulation effect of Lactobacillus acidophillus as a probiotic was under evaluation in present work. We have studied the effect of oral administration of L. acidophilus on the immune responses and pattern of cytokine production in BALB/c mices bearing breast cancer.
Methods: 6-8-week-old in-bred BALB/c mice, each weighing 25-30 g were obtained from Pasture Institute Iran .They were divided in 2 groups and each experimental group consisted of 9 mice while 9 mice were used as controls in each assay. The L. acidophilus ATCC4356 strain has been used in this study. L. acidophilus was inoculated in MRS broth and cultivated for a day at 37° C under anaerobic conditions, collected by centrifugation and re-suspended in PBS. After preparation of proper amount of this suspension it was orally administered to the, control mice received an equal volume of PBS in the same manner.
Results: Result of this study showed that oral administration of Lactobacillus acidophilus as a potent immune-stimulator agent can motivated the proliferation of immune cells and increased the production of IFnγ instead of decrease in IL4 and TGFβ concentration which known as Th2 cytokine in spleen cell culture in addition as a most important point survival time of L. acidophilus treated mice have increased in comparison to control.
Conclusion: Our result suggested that daily use of Lactobacillus acidophilus can promoted immune responses with Th1 bias and may be increased the anti-tumour response and consumption of this probiotic strain maybe helpful for breast cancer patient but further studies is needed to investigate the other mechanisms of this effect.

Biography:

Adriane Elisabete Antunes de Moraes has completed her PhD at the State University of Campinas and her Post-doctoral studies at the Institute of Food Technology (Ital, Brazil). She is the Director of the Nutrition Course at the School of Applied Sciences (FCA) of the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP). She has published more than 15 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

The market for functional foods and more specifically for products containing added probiotics, prebiotics or both (symbiotic) is expanding in many countries. A growing amount of scientific evidence has indicated numerous benefits for the regular consumption of probiotics and prebiotics. The addition of probiotics to products results in technological challenges because their viability and metabolic activity must be maintained in all steps of the food processing operation during the product shelf life and during intestinal transit. Also one must guarantee no negative influence on the sensory acceptance of the probiotic products. Microencapsulation has been considered a promising technique to improve the viability of probiotics. Important prebiotic properties that should be considered in product development are: Solubility, Viscosity increase, prebiotic resistance to thermal treatments and low pH, sweetness intensity given by the prebiotic and synergy with sweeteners. It is important to emphasize that the intake of prebiotics can result in a mild laxative effect, so there is a limit to the daily consumption of prebiotics. Yogurts and fermented milks are the main vehicle for prebiotic and or probiotic cultures, however new products are being introduced onto the international market such as powdered milk for newborn infants, butter, mayonnaise, fermented foods of vegetable origin, fermented meat products, bakery products, cereal bars, functional jams, baby foods and others. The results of 15 years of studies with the development of probiotic or symbiotic products will be presented in this lecture, including results from the development of yogurt, buttermilk, ice cream, smoothies and unfermented micro filtered milk and fruit juices with micro-encapsulated probiotics.