Biography:

Shakhlo Miralimova has earned his PhD in 2009 at the Institute of Microbiology of Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan. In 2011 through the IDB Merit Fellowship grant she has performed her Post doctoral research at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. She has been working as the Head of the Department at the Institute of Microbiology and Invited Lecturer in the Tashkent Pharmaceutical Institute. Her area of research interest is in development of functional food containing probiotics, bacteriocins of lactic acid bacteria. She has more then 30 publications in the referred journals and has been serving as an External Editorial Board Member for IDB.

Abstract:

Introduction: In the proposed research the antiulcer activity of the new probiotic preparation consisting of microbial association of Lactobacillus rhamnosus 925ak, Propionibacterium avidum 1 and alcohol extract of propolis had been investigated. The drug form is lyophilized preparation in vials. The preparation had been gavaged to rats before initiation of ulcer with 96o alcohol. The most effective concentration of propolis in the preparation had been evaluated as well.
Methods: Preparation with three different contents was included in the study: Containing 0.5%, 1% and 2.5% of propolis extract. Animal models were rats of both genders with weight of 180-250 g. The ulceration was induced with 96% alcohol calculated as equal to 5 ml/kg. Animals were divided to 3 groups, 5 rats in each. The content of each vial was dissolved in 4.5 ml of distilled water. One group of animals were gavaged with 1.5 ml of preparation containing 0.5% of propolis extract, the second group with same amount of preparation containing 1% of propolis extract, the third group with preparation containing 2.5% of propolis extract and the fourth, control group of animals were gavaged with 1.5 ml of distilled water. In 60 min the experimental ulcer had been induced with 96% alcohol. In 60 min after alcohol introduction rats were decapitated and the stomach was examined for ulceration, the size and amount of ulcers.
Results: In the first group of rats (treated with 2.5% propolis in preparation), 4 rat’s stomach have mild hyperemia of mucosa and 1 stomach has more significant hyperemia and 2 small ulcers. In the second group (treated with 1% propolis in preparation) 3 rat’s stomachs have mild hyperemia of mucosa, 1 more significant hyperemia and 1 severe hyperemia and 5 small ulcers. In the group of animals which intake preparation with 0.5% of propolis no rat had an ulcer, 2 of 5 had mild hyperemia and 2 with more significant hyperemia. In the control group of animals the severe mucosal hyperemia had been observed in all rats, 3 of them had multiple ulcers and 1 has died during the experiment.
Conclusion: The results of the study shows that all the probiotic preparations containing different concentration of propolis (0.5%, 15 and 2.5%) are demonstrated significant antiulcer activity when introduced prior to ulcer induction (preventive treatment) and more effective was the preparation containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus 925ak, Propionibacterium avidum 1 and 0.5% of propolis dry extract.

Biography:

Cormac G M Gahan has graduated in 1996 with a PhD in Microbiology and Immunology from University College Cork, Ireland. He has published over 110 papers and his H-index is currently 40. He Co-Leads the Bile Research Group with Dr. Susan Joyce within the Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre in University College Cork with a focus upon the impact of bacteria-derived bile acid signatures in host physiology.

Abstract:

Bile acids act as key signaling molecules that have the capacity to alter systemic endocrine functions in the host. Individual bile acids are capable of interacting with host cell receptors (including FXR and TGR5 receptors) to induce cellular responses in the intestine and other tissues (including the liver and adipose tissue). As gut microorganisms have the capacity to significantly alter the signaling properties of bile acids we, and others, have investigated the impact of altered microbial bile acid signatures upon host physiological processes. In particular we have focused upon microbial bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity as a gut microbial activity that has the capacity to profoundly alter both local (gastrointestinal) and systemic (hepatic) host functions. Using a functional metagenomics approach we demonstrated that BSH activity is widely distributed amongst gut bacteria and may contribute to microbial colonization in the gut. Using both germ free and conventionally-raised mouse models we showed that gastrointestinal expression of BSH results in local bile acid de-conjugation with concomitant alterations in lipid and cholesterol metabolism, signaling functions and weight gain. Key mediators of cholesterol homeostasis (Abcg5/8), gut homeostasis (RegIII) and circadian rhythm (Dbp) were influenced by elevated BSH in our study. The implications of this work for the rational development of probiotics with the potential to modulate host weight gain will be discussed.

Biography:

Franco Vicariotto, Medicine Doctor specialist in Obstetrics and Gynecology and is now senior consultant of San PIO X Hospital of Milan. He has been deputy head of division of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Niguarda Hospital of Milan for almost 20 years where he had conducted important researches in the field of Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology. He is one of the founders and Vice-president of the scientific society Esidog Italia (European Society for Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynaecology) and the member of the National board of S.I.C. (Italian society of Contraception). He is author of many publications and recognized moderator-spokesman in specialized conferences in Italy and abroad.

Abstract:

The human vaginal microbiota plays an important role in the maintenance of a woman’s health, as well as of her partner and newborns. When this predominantly Lactobacillus community is disrupted or decreased in abundance, Vaginitis may occur. Of the millions of cases of vaginitis each year, most are caused by bacterial vaginosis (BV), followed by vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). The dominance of lactobacilli in healthy vaginal microbiota and its depletion in BV and VVC has given rise to the concept of oral or vaginal use of probiotic Lactobacillus strains for treatment and prevention of vaginitis. Probiotics, defined as live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host are considered a valid and novel alternative for the prevention and treatment of female urogenital tract infections. Probiotics are well known for their ability to lower intravaginal pH, thus establishing a barrier effect against many pathogens. Some strains are also able to create additional and more focused antagonistic activities mediated by specific molecules such as hydrogen peroxide and bacteriocins. In any case, despite some undeniable positive evidence, other intervention studies have at least partially failed to highlight a statistically significant alleviation of BV and VVC symptoms. This is most likely attributable to the lack of a specific inhibitory activity of the strains used towards the bacteria commonly causing BV such as G. vaginalis and E. coli and VVC such as C. albicans. Herein we present in vitro and clinical data to assess the effectiveness of specific probiotic strains in slow release vaginal tablet for the topical treatment of BV and VVC and the prevention of recurrences.

Biography:

Shugui Wang has completed her PhD at National University of Singapore. She worked as a Post-doctoral Researcher at Genome Institute of Singapore working closely with Martin Hibberd. Her research focus was on gut micro-biota in relation to host’s health and infection. Thereafter at the National Cancer Centre Singapore, she continued her research passion with Sven Pettersson on gut-brain axis focusing on gut micro-biota and brain functions. She is currently working at Danone Nutricia Research.

Abstract:

The acquisition of intestinal micro-biota after birth has a defining impact on the development and function of immune and metabolic systems integral to health and homeostasis. During first 1000 days of life, the gut micro-biota of infants quickly becomes remarkably diverse and rich. Interestingly, the neurodevelopmental window is paralleled with the major shifts in the infant micro-biota. Disruptions in evolving gut micro-biota during this critical period can impact postnatal brain development. Probiotics are believed to balance gut micro-biota and benefit the host’s health. They have been found to relieve mental disorders, possibly through lowering levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the host and decreasing stress-induced corticosterone production, whilst concurrently increasing bacterial metabolites such as tryptophan. It has been recently suggested that probiotic supplementation during the first six months of life may reduce the risk of development of neuropsychiatric disorders in later life. There is increasing evidence that probiotics contribute to brain development and especially during the first 1000 days of life. However, the mechanisms how probiotics benefit brain development still need further investigation.

Biography:

Amalesh Samanta has completed all his degrees from Jadavpur University, India including PhD in Pharmacy. Along with research, he is also engaged in teaching undergraduate and graduate students. He has supervised ten Doctoral and thirteen Master’s degree (MPharm) fellows. He has 61 publications in peer reviewed journals.

Abstract:

The use of prebiotic to fortify certain gut flora is current aspect of research for the control and prevention of colon cancer. In the present study we evaluated the efficacy of a natural gum (Gum odina) as prebiotic which is obtained from bark of Odina wodier (Anacardiaceae). The gum is polysaccharide in nature, chemically galactopyranose associated with arabinose side chain. Gum odina not only supports growth of probiotics but its incorporation into feed of mice also boosts immune system by increasing sIgA, IFN-γ in the gut environment and suppressing acute inflammatory reactions. In vitro studies using Simulator for Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME) show that natural gum upon fermentation by microbes liberates short chain fatty acids (SCFA) which possess colon cancer preventing properties and slows down the overall tumor genesis process. In our previous study we also developed a novel Polyelectrolyte Complex (PEC) of chitosan and gum odina (Ch-GO) as potential candidate for colon targeting. Recently we have prepared microcapsule of probiotics using this novel polymer (Ch-GO) for colon targeted delivery. This approach reduces viability losses and offers good protection from gastric and intestinal fluids of host. Thus the multi-functionalities of this natural gum especially as prebiotics, immune booster and colorectal cancer preventive and also matrix forming capabilities (micro-particles) for probiotic delivery in colon are enlightened in this research.

Biography:

Abstract:

Probiotic bacteria have many health benefits that include antibiotic therapy, improve symptoms of lactose intolerance provide resistant against cancer, healthy substitute of good bacteria in the intestinal tract, reduce incidence of diarrhea in humans and help in lowering cholesterol. A laboratory trial was carried out to evaluate the stability of Lactic acid bacteria (Probiotic) in the yoghurt with and without encapsulation. Probiotic yoghurt was compared with control (traditional) yoghurt regarding chemical, physical, microbial and sensory point of view over a period of 15 days of storage. Experiment was laid out in randomized complete design (CRD). Yoghurt was prepared with free lactic acid bacteria and with encapsulated bacteria and was stored at 4o C. Yoghurt was subjected to physiochemical and microbial analysis. Sensory evaluation was also carried. The addition of the probiotic bacteria in the yoghurt samples either in encapsulated or without encapsulation significantly affected the results for the pH, lactose, acidity, viscosity, synersis and TPC. But, the addition of the culture of probiotic ether in free or encapsulated form did not show distinct difference regarding the color, flavor and taste over the 15 days of storage period.

Biography:

Abstract:

Oil was extracted from Chrysophyllum albidum seed using petroleum ether as solvent. The yield of the oil was found to be 4.98%. The result of characterization of the oil extract showed that it has iodine value of 163.3 mg, Saponification value of 90.71 mg, acid value of 19.70 mg, percentage free fatty acid of 9.90% and dirt content of 0.23%. The specific gravity of the oil at 25o C and its content was found to be 0.8269 and 10.00% respectively. The color analysis gave Red, Yellow, Blue and Neutral to be 1.1, 2.2, 2.1 and 0.0 respectively. Thus the oil was found to be a drying oil. The fatty acid profile of the oil was also determined with the aid of gas liquid chromatography used fatty acids in methyl esters and was found to have Oleic Acid (C18:1) as the predominant fatty acid having an area of 40.10125%. It was also found to contain Alpha Linoleic Acid (omega-3) and Linoleic Acid (omega-6) which are essential to the human body but cannot be synthesized by its metabolic processes.

Biography:

Abstract:

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are generally regarded as safe (GRAS) and being widely used as probiotics. Pedicoccus acidilactici is a LAB with advantage of being facultative anaerobe, non pathogenic and of dairy origin. In vitro studies confirmed the essential basic probiotic properties viz., bile salt tolerance and percent hydrophobicity. Antioxidant activity, wide spectrum of proteolytic activities and β-galactosidase activity are promising for conferring health benefits. Its resistance to lysozyme suggests it to be a useful strain for infants and newborns being fed on mother’s milk. β-galactosidase activity and lactic acid production by P. acidilactici also confer industrial significance to the strain in addition to probiotic attributes. Genome studies of P. acidilactici revealed about 60 unidentified peptidase or protease. Protease, particularly membrane proteases are implicated in bacterial host interaction. Two high molecular weight membranes bound metallo-exopeptidases viz., DPP-III and aminopeptidases were purified from P. acidilactici. DPP-III hydrolyzed Arg-Arg-4mβNA and aminopeptidase B hydrolyzed Arg-4 mβNA. DPP-III worked optimally at pH 8.5 and 37o C. It was tetrameric with different subunits (Mol wt. 120.24 kDa). It was serine protease, activated by Co2+ and exhibited micromolar affinity (Km 9.1 µM) for its substrate. Aminopeptidase B worked optimally at pH 7.5 and 40o C. It was a heterotrimer of 101.36 kDa. It also exhibited micromolar affinity with Km 26 µM for Arg-4mβNA. It was a thiol protease. Both enzymes are expected to generate bioactive peptides, an important contribution by probiotic bacteria. Extracellular enzymes of probiotic bacteria help host as well as bacteria itself. One extracellular casein hydrolyzing endoprotease was purified from P. acidilactici which had sequence similarity to DING proteins. This enzyme was a monomer of 38.9 kDa and also possessed phosphatase activity. This enzyme was a thiol protease, inhibited by EDTA and stable up to pH 12.0 and 50o C and it was resistant to organic solvents. These studies suggest P. acidilactici to be a potential probiotic for human. Further studies of enzymes will be useful in gaining insight in mechanism of action of this bacteria and thus therapeutic significance. Further studies are in progress for biochemical and molecular characterization of strain.

Biography:

K B M Saiful Islam has obtained his PhD and MS in Applied Bioscience (Microbiology) from Hokkaido University, Japan, Diploma in Avian Medicine from KVL, Denmark, MS (Medicine) and DVM from Bangladesh. He has more than 10 years of research and teaching experience and has published 10 research papers in different peer reviewed high impact journals. He has attended several scientific meetings in home and abroad and presented/published 25 proceedings papers. In 2011 and 2014, he has received the prestigious ‘Asian Young LAB Scientist Award-2011’ and ‘Young Researcher Award-2014’, respectively. He is the Chairman and Assistant Professor at the Department of Medicine and Public Health and Center-in-Charge, Zoonotic Diseases Research & Information Center (ZDRIC) of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Bangladesh. He has been serving as an Editorial Board Member and Reviewer of several peer reviewed journals.

Abstract:

The use of imported probiotics in poultry is gradually being increased in Bangladesh. But surprisingly, despite the existence of scavenging native poultry that are apparently more resistant to GIT infection and other diseases as potential source, no probiotic has been developed yet in Bangladesh. Therefore, the study was undertaken to isolate, identify and characterize potential probiotic bacteria from Bangladeshi indigenous poultry and to evaluate their suitability to use in local poultry industry. A total 300 isolates belonging to the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria were identified following physical, biochemical and molecular methods from the crop and cecal samples of 61 healthy indigenous birds. Based on the auto-aggregation test, 12 lactobacilli and 7 bifidobacteria isolates were selected for antibacterial activity, resistance to low pH, resistance to bile extract, ability to produce H2O2, cell surface hydrophobicity and adhesion activities on crop epithelial cells to evaluate their probiotic potentials. Under the in vitro conditions and with respects to the probiotic traits, Lactobacillus salivarius, L. crispatus, L. johnsonii, Bifidobacterium thermophilum and B. bifidum were found to be potential probiotic strains. The probiotic isolates were found to tolerate stresses like acid, bile salt, lysozyme and NaCl thus indicating their persistence under in vivo conditions. The study findings seem to be highly motivating since they unveil the potentials of Bangladeshi isolates as probiotics. If the proposed strains could be used as probiotics in poultry, it is expected that the local probiotics would be more beneficial and would save the huge foreign currency that Bangladesh spends every year for the importation of such materials from abroad.

Biography:

Jorge Ernesto Guevara Vasquez has completed his PhD from the National University Agraria La Molina. Peru. He is currently a Teacher and a Member of the Research Group on Animal Nutrition (GINA) of the National University Mayor de San Marcos. He has published articles in various journals in the area of nutrition and animal production.

Abstract:

Producing innocuous meat of guinea pigs supplemented with natural flora probiotic and commercial probioitc was the objective of this research work. 100 weaned male guinea pigs were used. A completely randomized design with 4 treatments, 5 replications and 5 animals per replicate was used. The treatments were: T1: Control diet (without probiotics), T2: Control diet+natural flora probiotic, T3: Control diet+commercial probiotic and T4: Control diet+natural flora probiotic+commercial probiotic lasted 28 days. Feed intake was higher in guinea pigs fed of natural probiotic diet with 1330 g and the lower consumption guinea pigs treatment natural probiotic+commercial probiotic with 1298.3 g without statistical difference between treatments. The greater weight gain obtained guinea pigs of the control diet without probiotic with 493.0 g followed by guinea pigs treatment with natural flora probiotic with 492.1 g and the lower weight recorded guinea pigs fed the diet with commercial probiotic with 432.7 g showed statistically significant differences between treatments. Feed conversion was better in the guinea pigs of control treatment without probiotic and with natural flora probiotic treatment with 2.8 and 2.9 respectively without statistical difference between treatments. The highest carcass yield showed the guinea pigs of commercial probiotic treatment with 69.7% after of guinea pigs control treatment without probiotic with 68.0% and the lowest carcass yield showed of guinea pigs natural flora probiotic treatment with 67.7% showed no statistical difference between treatments. Also no guinea pigs were recorded in the presence of diseases or deaths guinea pigs.

Biography:

Abstract:

This study aimed to investigate the potential effects of an oral treatment involving a newly isolated probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum TN8 strain on 2-4-6-trinitrobenzen sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in Wistar rats. The performance and effects of the probiotic treatment was evaluated using a series of histological, biophysical and biochemical analyses. The results showed that the treatment with the L. plantarum TN8 strain reduced weight loss (25% increases in body weight gain), diarrhea, colonic mucosal inflammation and colon shortening. The treated rats were also noted to undergo a significant decrease in total cholesterol from 1.86-1.3 mmol/l (for control rats) and triglyceride (TG) from 2.09-1.23 mmol/l (for control rats). Furthermore, the findings showed that the high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol underwent an increase from 0.95 to 1.02 mmol/l. The findings from histological studies showed that the architecture of the liver and kidney tissues of the TN8-treated rats was restored back to the normal status observed for the control groups. Overall, the results suggest that the L. plantarum TN8 could open new promising opportunities for the development of efficient, safe and cost-effective agents for the prevention or alleviation of several intestinal pathologies.