Khan Shahrukh
University of Delhi, India
Title: Elucidating the relationship of Gut-brain axis and integrity of blood brain barrier in context of cerebral malaria
Biography
Biography: Khan Shahrukh
Abstract
Plasmodium, the parasitic cause of malaria, is a global pathogen, annually causing many million infections and million deaths. As drug resistance continues, to develop, and no effective vaccine is available, it is critical to understand the factors underlying the severity of this disease. Recent publications have pointed to interactions between the gut microbiota and malaria. With this in mind, we have studied the role of the gut microbiota in cerebral malaria infection particularly its role in Blood brain Barrier Integrity. Members of the gut microbiota express the glycan Galα1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc-R (alpha-gal) on their surface, which induce anti-alpha-gal antibodies. Plasmodium sporozoites, but not merozoites, also express alpha-gal on their surface, and the presence of anti-alpha-gal IgM antibodies correlates with moderate protection against malaria in humans.
In addition, showing the direct link between Human gut microbiota and Plasmodium infection, Gut bacteria also regulate the development and function of the immune system, metabolic and nervous systems through ‘gut–brain axes. Blood brain barrier is the main site between brain tissue and host circularity system. During cerebral malaria the blood brain barrier become rapture and lead to the cascading effect of Immune system like cytokine burst, which eventually result in cerebral edema? Gut bacteria directly affect Blood brain barrier, which has components like Microglia, Astrocytes, and endothelial cells. Some SCFAs Producing bacteria restore the microglial morphology and function. Bifidobacterium spp. showed that these bacteria influence microglia development and activation. These all proof indicate the link between gut–brain axes and the integrity of blood brain barrier.